Obese Women May Face Fertility Issues

Obesity reduces reproductive function in men and women

Overweight and obese women have higher levels of a hormone called leptin, which is produced in fatty tissue. This can cause hormone disturbances and lead to reduced fertility.

Excess weight, particularly excess abdominal fat, is linked to insulin resistance. Changes in the fine-tuned hormonal balance that regulates the menstrual cycle triggered by excess weight and obesity also increase the risk of anovulation. Many women who carry excess weight still ovulate, but it appears the quality of the eggs they produce is reduced. When obese couples use IVF to conceive, the chance of a live birth is lower  than for women with normal BMI.

Obese women are about three times as likely as non-obese women to have an infant with either spina bifida or an omphalocele and about twice as likely to have a baby with either a heart defect or multiple anomalies

 An obese woman is three times more likely to miscarry.

 The risks of pregnancy induced hypertension or pre-eclampsia are significantly greater if the woman is overweight.

Maternal obesity is associated with a fourfold increase in risk of gestational diabetes.

Obesity seems to treble the risk of thrombosis, with greater likelihood of progression to pulmonary embolism, and obese individuals have higher levels of factor VIII and factor IX, but not of fibrinogen

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