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What causes female infertility? About one quarter of female infertility is caused by a problem with ovulation. This can be due to an imbalance of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH & LH help normal follicular growth. Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a key role in gonadal function. LH in synergy with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates follicular growth and ovulation. LH plays complimentary to FSH Thus, normal follicular growth is the result of complementary action of FSH and LH. What happens if FSH hormone is high? High FSH is found in women nearing menopause. High levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in a woman’s blood could reduce chances of getting pregnant. High FSH indicates failing ovaries. There is no treatment available when FSH level rises and couple are offered egg donation programme to procure a baby. What is the role of LH hormone in female reproduction? LH is important for o...

Human embryos from in vitro fertilisation in culture in an IVF lab usually reach blastocyst stage by day 5 after fertilisation. Blastocyst is an embryo which has developed to day 5 stage with different cell components and a fluid cavity. At blastocyst stage of development, the embryo must reach before it can implant in the uterus.   Blastocyst embryos have the best potential for implantation. Blastocyst culture offers single embryo transfer and significantly reduce the risk of multiple pregnancy. Blastocyst culture can help to determine which embryos have the best chance of being able to implant. Extended culture allows the embryologist to identify which of a group of embryos have the best potential for implantation. If IVF does not work repeatedly with good embryos replaced on day 2 or 3, blastocyst culture can be tried. Extended culture allows the embryologist to identify which of a group of embryos hav...

Which is the most common hormone disorder found in women? Polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ) is extremely prevalent and probably constitutes the most frequently encountered endocrine (hormone) disorder in women of reproductive age. Having the disorder may significantly impact the quality of life of women during the reproductive years, and it contributes to morbidity and mortality by the time of menopause. What are the disorders associated with PCOS? PCOS women are at increased risk for coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Their risk factors include central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, and elevated fasting plasma glucose concentrations. PCOS women should undergo screening for hypertension, abnormal lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and reproductive disorders including cancer of endometrium. What is PAO? A subgroup of women (up to 30%) may have subtle abnorma...